Bombing suspect under heavy guard

BOSTON (AP) ? Boston Marathon bombing suspect Dzhokhar Tsarnaev lay hospitalized in serious condition under heavy guard Saturday ? apparently in no shape to be interrogated ? as investigators tried to establish the motive for the deadly attack and the scope of the plot.

People across the Boston area breathed easier the morning after Tsarnaev, 19, was pulled, wounded and bloody, from a tarp-covered boat in a Watertown backyard. The capture came at the end of a tense day that began with his 26-year-old brother, Tamerlan, dying in a gunbattle with police.

There was no immediate word on when Tsarnaev might be charged and what those charges would be. The twin bombings killed three people and wounded more than 180.

The most serious charge available to federal prosecutors would be the use of a weapon of mass destruction to kill people, which carries a possible death sentence. Massachusetts does not have the death penalty.

President Barack Obama said there are many unanswered questions about the bombing, including whether the Tsarnaev brothers ? ethnic Chechens from southern Russia who had been in the U.S. for about a decade and lived in the Boston area ? had help from others. The president urged people not to rush judgment about their motivations.

U.S. officials said an elite interrogation team would question the Massachusetts college student without reading him his Miranda rights, something that is allowed on a limited basis when the public may be in immediate danger, such as instances in which bombs are planted and ready to go off.

The American Civil Liberties Union expressed concern about that possibility. Executive Director Anthony Romero said the legal exception applies only when there is a continued threat to public safety and is "not an open-ended exception" to the Miranda rule, which guarantees the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney.

The federal public defender's office in Massachusetts said it has agreed to represent Tsarnaev once he is charged. Miriam Conrad, public defender for Massachusetts, said he should have a lawyer appointed as soon as possible because there are "serious issues regarding possible interrogation."

Massachusetts Gov. Deval Patrick said Saturday afternoon that Tsarnaev was in serious but stable condition and was probably unable to communicate. Tsarnaev was at Boston's Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, where 11 victims of the bombing were still being treated.

"I, and I think all of the law enforcement officials, are hoping for a host of reasons the suspect survives," the governor said after a ceremony at Fenway Park to honor the victims and survivors of the attack. "We have a million questions, and those questions need to be answered."

The all-day manhunt Friday brought the Boston area to a near standstill and put people on edge across the metropolitan area.

The break came around nightfall when a homeowner in Watertown saw blood on his boat, pulled back the tarp and saw a bloody Dzhokhar Tsarnaev hiding inside, police said. After an exchange of gunfire, he was seized and taken away in an ambulance.

Raucous celebrations erupted in and around Boston, with chants of "USA! USA!" Residents flooded the streets in relief four days after the two pressure-cooker bombs packed with nails and other shrapnel went off.

Michael Spellman said he bought tickets to Saturday's Red Sox game at Fenway Park to help send a message to the bombers.

"They're not going to stop us from doing things we love to do," he said, sitting a few rows behind home plate. "We're not going to live in fear."

During the long night of violence leading up to the capture, the Tsarnaev brothers killed an MIT police officer, severely wounded another lawman and took part in a furious shootout and car chase in which they hurled explosives at police from a large homemade arsenal, authorities said.

"We're in a gunfight, a serious gunfight. Rounds are going and then all of the sudden they see something being thrown at them and there's a huge explosion," Watertown Police Chief Edward Deveau said Saturday of the melee.

The chief said one of the explosives was the same type used during the Boston Marathon attack, and authorities later recovered a pressure cooker lid that had embedded in a car down the street. He said the suspects also tossed two grenades before Tamerlan ran out of ammunition and police tackled him.

But while handcuffing him, officers had to dive out of the way as Dzhokhar drove the carjacked Mercedes at them, Deveau said. The sport utility vehicle dragged Tamerlan's body down the block, he said. Police initially tracked the escaped suspect by a blood trail he left behind a house after abandoning the Mercedes, negotiating his surrender hours later after an area resident saw blood and found the suspect huddled in his boat.

Chechnya, where the Tsarnaev family has roots, has been the scene of two wars between Russian forces and separatists since 1994. That spawned an Islamic insurgency that has carried out deadly bombings in Russia and the region, although not in the West.

Investigators have not offered a motive for the Boston attack. But in interviews with officials and those who knew the Tsarnaevs, a picture has emerged of the older one as someone embittered toward the U.S., increasingly vehement in his Muslim faith and influential over his younger brother.

The Russian FSB intelligence service told the FBI in 2011 about information that Tamerlan Tsarnaev was a follower of radical Islam, two law enforcement officials said Saturday.

According to an FBI news release, a foreign government said that Tamerlan Tsarnaev appeared to be strong believer and that he had changed drastically since 2010 as he prepared to leave the U.S. for travel to the Russian region to join unspecified underground groups.

The FBI did not name the foreign government, but the two officials said it was Russia. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to talk about the matter publicly.

The FBI said that in response, it interviewed Tamerlan Tsarnaev and relatives, and did not find any domestic or foreign terrorism activity. The bureau said it looked into such things as his telephone and online activity, his travels and his associations with others.

An uncle of the Tsarnaev brothers said he had a falling-out with Tamerlan over the man's increased commitment to Islam.

Ruslan Tsarni of Montgomery Village, Md., said Tamerlan told him in a 2009 phone conversation that he had chosen "God's business" over work or school. Tsarni said he then contacted a family friend who told him Tsarnaev had been influenced by a recent convert to Islam.

Tsarni said his relationship with his nephew basically ended after that call.

As for Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, "he's been absolutely wasted by his older brother. I mean, he used him. He used him for whatever he's done," Tsarni said.

Albrecht Ammon, a downstairs-apartment neighbor of Tamerlan Tsarnaev in Cambridge, said in an interview that the older brother had strong political views about the United States. Ammon quoted Tsarnaev as saying that the U.S. uses the Bible as "an excuse for invading other countries."

Tamerlan Tsarnaev studied accounting as a part-time student at Bunker Hill Community College in Boston for three semesters from 2006 to 2008, the school said. He was married with a young daughter. Dzhokhar Tsarnaev was a student at the University of Massachusetts Dartmouth.

As of Saturday, more than 50 victims of the bombing remained hospitalized, three in critical condition.

___

Associated Press writers Denise Lavoie and Steve Peoples in Boston; Mike Hill in Watertown, Mass.; Colleen Long in New York; Pete Yost in Washington; Eric Tucker in Montgomery Village, Md.; and AP Sports Writer Jimmy Golen in Boston contributed to this report.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/boston-bomb-suspect-hospitalized-under-heavy-guard-181337320.html

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Clues to heart disease in unexpected places

Apr. 12, 2013 ? A major factor in the advance of heart disease is the death of heart tissue, a process that a team of scientists at Temple University School of Medicine's (TUSM) Center for Translational Medicine think could be prevented with new medicines. Now, the researchers are one step closer to achieving that goal, thanks to their discovery of a key molecule in an unexpected place in heart cells -- mitochondria, tiny energy factories that house the controls capable of setting off cells' self-destruct sequence.

The study is the first to identify the molecule, an enzyme known as GRK2 (G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2), in mitochondria. It was led by Walter J. Koch, Ph.D., Professor and Chairman of the Department of Pharmacology at TUSM, and Director of the Center for Translational Medicine at TUSM.

"We have known that GRK2 is involved in the pathological development of certain heart diseases, such as chronic heart failure, and that its increased activity can lead to the death of heart cells. But its mechanism for the latter was unclear," Koch said. In addition, while the enzyme was known to be present in elevated levels in the hearts of patients with heart failure, the reasons for its rise were not fully understood.

Normally, GRK2 hangs out near the plasma membrane of heart cells, where it turns off certain signals transferred from the blood to the tissue. But the researchers at Temple found that it moves to mitochondria in response to two classic features of heart disease, ischemic insult and ensuing oxidative stress. These two processes, in which a momentary lapse in the delivery of oxygen-rich blood to diseased tissues causes a sudden increase in damaging reactive molecules, converge to stimulate the self-destruct program of heart cells. They ultimately cause whole sections of heart tissue to die, leaving behind scars that can severely compromise the ability of the heart to function properly.

Koch's team found that in ischemic heart cells the movement of GRK2 from the cell membrane to mitochondria is chaperoned by a substance called heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90), which is produced in cells in response to stress. By blocking Hsp90's ability to bind to GRK2, the researchers were able to prevent the enzyme's delivery to mitochondria.

They reached the same result after mutating a residue called Ser670 in the tail end of GRK2's amino acid structure. When the Ser670 residue is activated by a chemical signal, Hsp90 is nudged into action, attaching to GRK2 and carrying it to mitochondria. Mutation of Ser670 also resulted in a wholesale reduction in pro-death signaling in affected heart cells. The effects were observed in human heart muscle cells grown in the laboratory and in mice that had experienced induced heart attacks. The results are detailed in the April 12 issue of the journal Circulation Research.

Koch explained that the translation of the new findings to the clinic, where they would benefit patients, lies in developing new therapeutic approaches that are capable of limiting both the activity of GRK2 and its ability to associate with mitochondria.

"We have a great opportunity here to develop new medicines against heart failure and improve upon this significant disease syndrome," he said. He added that this will take some time but that molecular and pharmacological strategies against GRK2 are in the works. "We are developing a gene therapy tool known as the ?ARKct, which is a peptide inhibitor of GRK2, and are quite excited about a clinical trial."

Koch and his team have shown in pre-clinical studies that delivery of the ?ARKct to failing hearts can inhibit GRK2 and thereby protect the heart from death. In the new study, ?ARKct was found to block the enzyme's transit to mitochondria after ischemia, an important step now believed to contribute to the peptide's beneficial effects in heart failure.

There is much yet to learn about GRK2, however, according to Koch. "We still need to find out exactly what GRK2 is doing in the mitochondria," he said. "We need to figure out what it interacts with and specifically regulates."

What the team uncovers could solidify GRK2 as a key target for therapeutic strategies against heart disease.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Temple University Health System, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

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Journal Reference:

1. M. Chen, P. Y. Sato, J. K. Chuprun, R. J. Peroutka, N. J. Otis, J. Ibetti, S. Pan, S.-S. Sheu, E. Gao, W. J. Koch. Prodeath Signaling of G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 2 in Cardiac Myocytes After Ischemic Stress Occurs Via Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase-Dependent Heat Shock Protein 90-Mediated Mitochondrial Targeting. Circulation Research, 2013; 112 (8): 1121 DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.112.300754

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/iZI7Xk1jWVw/130412132409.htm

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Ponder What Isn't Mocked as Racially Unenlightened in America (Atlantic Politics Channel)

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Gun measures put moderate Senate Dems in bind

FILE - In this Dec. 1, 2010 file photo, Sen. Max Baucus, D-Mont., enters the Speaker's office for a meeting about tax cuts on Capitol Hill in Washington. President Barack Obama's push for tougher gun measures and expanded background checks has placed several moderate Senate Democrats facing re-election next year in a bind, forcing them to take sides on a deeply personal issue for rural voters. Baucus, the only Democrat with the NRA's top rating, said he will vote against the bill as it currently stands, Friday, April 12, 2013. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon, File)

FILE - In this Dec. 1, 2010 file photo, Sen. Max Baucus, D-Mont., enters the Speaker's office for a meeting about tax cuts on Capitol Hill in Washington. President Barack Obama's push for tougher gun measures and expanded background checks has placed several moderate Senate Democrats facing re-election next year in a bind, forcing them to take sides on a deeply personal issue for rural voters. Baucus, the only Democrat with the NRA's top rating, said he will vote against the bill as it currently stands, Friday, April 12, 2013. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon, File)

FILE - In this Wednesday, Dec. 5, 2012 file photo, Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Department of Homeland Security Chairman Sen. Mary Landrieu, D-La., speaks to witnesses, during a hearing, to examine Hurricane Sandy, in Washington. President Barack Obama's push for tougher gun measures and expanded background checks has placed several moderate Senate Democrats facing re-election next year in a bind, including Landrieu, forcing them to take sides on a deeply personal issue for rural voters. (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta, File)

WASHINGTON (AP) ? President Barack Obama's push for tougher gun measures and expanded background checks has placed several moderate Senate Democrats facing re-election next year in a bind, forcing them to take sides on a deeply personal issue for rural voters.

The choice: Either they stick with Obama and gun control advocates ? and give an opening to campaign challengers and the National Rifle Association to assail them ? or they stand with conservative and moderate gun owners back home worried about a possible infringement on their rights.

Five Senate Democrats ? Mark Begich of Alaska, Mark Pryor of Arkansas, Mary Landrieu of Louisiana, Max Baucus of Montana and Kay Hagan of North Carolina ? are seeking another term in states carried by Republican Mitt Romney last fall. For the next few weeks, at least, the spotlight will be on how they maneuver as the Senate debates gun-control legislation pushed by Democrats in response to the deadly Newtown, Conn., elementary school shooting.

Two other GOP-leaning states with large numbers of gun owners ? West Virginia and South Dakota ? will have open seats following Democratic retirements. Republicans have placed many of these states at the top of their priority lists as they try to gain six seats to win back the Senate majority.

Debate begins next week on Senate legislation that would require nearly all gun buyers to submit to background checks, toughen federal laws banning illicit firearms sales and provide more money for school safety measures. The background checks are viewed by gun control advocates as the best step to prevent criminals and the mentally ill from accessing weapons. The NRA has opposed the expansion of background checks, saying it could lead to federal registries of gun owners. It has sought better enforcement of existing laws, which it contends is too easy for criminals to circumvent.

"There's a fear in these states that this is going to go further and farther than anyone has suggested," said Chris Kofinis, a Democratic strategist and former chief of staff to Sen. Joe Manchin, D-W.Va. But he said efforts to curb gun violence were aided by the emotional toll of the Sandy Hook shootings, in which 20 children and six adult educators were killed. "Newtown changed everything," he said.

Thus, these Senate Democrats are weighing the possibility of angry voters next year against pressure from fellow Democrats. So far, they're divided.

Baucus, the only Democrat with the NRA's top rating, said he will vote against the bill as it currently stands. He pointed to the 18,000 phone calls his office has received about it ? he said only 2,000 of those callers favored it.

"I represent Montana ? that's my first loyalty," Baucus said. "They're my employers. That's why I'm here."

Baucus knows the perils of a debate over firearms. He supported a 1994 crime bill sought by President Bill Clinton that included an assault weapons ban and survived a vigorous challenge from Republicans two years later.

Two other Democrats have already raised their objections.

Begich and Pryor voted Thursday with Republicans in an unsuccessful bid to block debate on Democrats' gun control legislation.

Begich said the current bill has "serious problems with it" and he wanted Democrats to consider his proposal with Sen. Lindsey Graham, R-S.C., to improve how the federal background check system prevents weapons from getting to people with certain mental health problems.

"My first priority is Alaska. It's not complicated for me," Begich said. "It doesn't matter if it's election year or non-election year. I've done 4 1/2 years of pro-gun votes here." Asked whether Obama's push on gun violence was complicating matters for him at home, Begich said with a laugh: "The president makes my life difficult on many fronts."

Pryor said the bill in its current form was "too broad and unworkable."

Hagan is taking a different position. She said in a statement she planned to support what's become known as the Manchin-Toomey measure for its sponsors, noting it would "explicitly" ban the federal government from creating a registry.

"As a mother there is nothing more important to me than protecting our kids. I am looking at each proposal to ensure it is common sense, will be effective and will not infringe on Second Amendment rights," she said.

Landrieu has yet to indicate what she might support in a final bill. She said following Thursday's vote that the Second Amendment right to own firearms "is not to be taken away" but that the nation was "plagued by gun violence." Making no commitments, she said it was "worthy of a debate to see if we can find a common-sense solution."

Debate begins next week on a measure forged by Manchin and Republican Patrick Toomey of Pennsylvania that would expand background checks less broadly than the overall legislation. The proposal would subject buyers in commercial settings like gun shows and the Internet to the checks but exempt transactions such as sales between friends and relatives.

The Senate also is likely to hold votes on proposals to ban military-style weapons and high-capacity ammunition magazines, two measures that were excluded from the bill and are expected to be defeated. With so many votes ahead, and the potential for a number of procedural votes, any Democrat runs the risk of having one of their votes misconstrued in future TV ads.

All are bracing for negative ads ? and pressure from those they anger.

Gun control advocates holding rallies across the country have the deep pockets of New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, who has pumped $12 million in TV advertising pressuring support for the measures. Bloomberg's group announced plans Friday for more ads next week in seven states, including Landrieu's Louisiana and North Dakota, home to freshman Democratic Sen. Heidi Heitkamp.

An offshoot of Obama's campaign, Organizing for Action, planned to hold rallies in 14 states on Saturday to push for the measures.

On the flip side, the NRA is certain to spend a chunk of money assailing anyone who backs the measure. Republicans, meanwhile, say the issue could serve as a strong motivating factor in rural states next year.

"The discussion is devastating to Democrats ? that's why they stopped talking about it for a long time," said Brad Dayspring, a spokesman for the National Republican Senatorial Committee.

___

Associated Press writer Matt Gouras in Helena, Mont., and Melinda Deslatte in Baton Rouge, La., contributed to this report.

___

Follow Ken Thomas on Twitter: http://twitter.com/AP_Ken_Thomas

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2013-04-12-Democrats-Guns/id-6d32a635624c411c842817433921526f

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Can Forensics Establish Whether Pablo Neruda Was Poisoned?

An exhumation this week of the Chilean poet's remains might raise as many questions as it answers. His death officially was caused by prostate cancer but new allegations have been made

By Michele Catanzaro and Nature magazine

A team examining Pablo Neruda's exhumed body hopes to establish how the poet died Image: STF/AFP/Getty Images

The body of Chilean poet Pablo Neruda was unearthed from his tomb in Isla Negra, Chile, this week. The exhumation marks the beginning of a forensic analysis aimed at clarifying whether the Nobel prizewinner?s death in 1973 was from prostate cancer ? as has been believed ? or from poisoning, as a key witness has claimed.

Why has Neruda?s body been exhumed now, 40 years after his death?
Chilean judge Mario Carroza ordered the exhumation in February as part of an investigation that was opened in 2011 after Neruda?s former driver Manuel Araya said that the real cause of the poet?s death was an unscheduled injection that he received a few hours before dying on 23 September 1973. Neruda's death occurred just 12 days after the coup d??tat that brought Augusto Pinochet to power to establish a right-wing dictatorship in the country. Neruda had served as ambassador to France under the deposed socialist president, Salvador Allende, and, like other Allende supporters, would have been persecuted by the new regime. On the basis of Araya?s testimony, the Communist Party of Chile, to which Neruda belonged, filed a criminal lawsuit in 2011.

Is it possible to trace the cause of the death after so many years?
?Beyond the time elapsed, the main problem is that we don?t have medical records on the poet?s illness,? says Patricio Bustos Streeter, director of Chile?s Legal Medical Service (SML) and coordinator of the forensic team. Records would provide details on what drugs Neruda was taking, helping to distinguish traces of them from those of possible poisons. ?But we have the advantage that several techniques to mask toxics in the body did not exist four decades ago,? he says.

Unless they find other tissues, experts may have to rely on bones to gauge the extent of the cancer. ?The presence of bone metastasis of the prostate cancer would confirm an advanced state of the illness. On the other hand, traces of toxics could be found in the spongy part of the bone that contained the bone marrow,? says Bustos.

Can the analysis reach a definitive conclusion?
False negatives are possible, says Barry Logan, president of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, who is not involved in the investigation. ?If experts find toxics that should not be there, then the result will be unequivocal,? he says. But some plant poisons are not detectable even in optimal forensic conditions, and traces of cyanide may be artifacts of decomposition, Logan says. ?Finally,? he says, ?the analysis may say whether a substance is present or not, but quantitative estimations are difficult in these conditions.? A poisoning that consisted of an overdose of a legal medication, such as morphine, would be difficult to detect.

Who is carrying out the analysis?
The forensic team is composed of Bustos and four other SML members, four experts from the University of Chile, four others from Spain and the United States and three observers from the International Committee of the Red Cross and the Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team ?? with a range of expertise, including medicine, anthropology, archaeology, pharmaceutical chemistry, photography and toxicology.

Source: http://rss.sciam.com/click.phdo?i=3309a863efcd21cbc078f012430fffda

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Philips' Prototype LED Could Replace Fluorescents and Save the US Billions Annually

Office parks and convenience stores across the country rely on fluorescent lights. These flickering gas-filled tubes suck down far less energy than the incandescent bulbs they replaced but still consume some 200 terawatts of electricity every year. This new super-efficient LED prototype from Philips, however, puts florescents to shame. More »

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/c9uZR0bIcJ8/philips-prototype-led-could-replace-fluorescents-and-save-the-us-billions-annually

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NASA sees sun emit an M6.5 flare

Public release date: 11-Apr-2013
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Contact: Susan Hendrix
Susan.m.hendrix@nasa.gov
301-286-7745
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

The M6.5 flare on the morning of April 11, 2013, was also associated with an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME), another solar phenomenon that can send billions of tons of solar particles into space and can reach Earth one to three days later. CMEs can affect electronic systems in satellites and on the ground. Experimental NASA research models show that the CME began at 3:36 a.m. EDT on April 11, leaving the sun at over 600 miles per second.

Earth-directed CMEs can cause a space weather phenomenon called a geomagnetic storm, which occurs when they connect with the outside of the Earth's magnetic envelope, the magnetosphere, for an extended period of time.

The recent space weather also resulted in a weak solar energetic particle (SEP) event near Earth. These events occur when very fast protons and charged particles from the sun travel toward Earth, sometimes in the wake of a solar flare. These events are also referred to as solar radiation storms. Any harmful radiation from the event is blocked by the magnetosphere and atmosphere, so cannot reach humans on Earth. Solar radiation storms can, however, disturb the regions through which high frequency radio communications travel.

NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center is the United States Government official source for space weather forecasts, alerts, watches and warnings. NASA and NOAA as well as the US Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) and others -- keep a constant watch on the sun to monitor for space weather effects such as geomagnetic storms. With advance notification many satellites, spacecraft and technologies can be protected from the worst effects.

###

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 11-Apr-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Susan Hendrix
Susan.m.hendrix@nasa.gov
301-286-7745
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

The M6.5 flare on the morning of April 11, 2013, was also associated with an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME), another solar phenomenon that can send billions of tons of solar particles into space and can reach Earth one to three days later. CMEs can affect electronic systems in satellites and on the ground. Experimental NASA research models show that the CME began at 3:36 a.m. EDT on April 11, leaving the sun at over 600 miles per second.

Earth-directed CMEs can cause a space weather phenomenon called a geomagnetic storm, which occurs when they connect with the outside of the Earth's magnetic envelope, the magnetosphere, for an extended period of time.

The recent space weather also resulted in a weak solar energetic particle (SEP) event near Earth. These events occur when very fast protons and charged particles from the sun travel toward Earth, sometimes in the wake of a solar flare. These events are also referred to as solar radiation storms. Any harmful radiation from the event is blocked by the magnetosphere and atmosphere, so cannot reach humans on Earth. Solar radiation storms can, however, disturb the regions through which high frequency radio communications travel.

NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center is the United States Government official source for space weather forecasts, alerts, watches and warnings. NASA and NOAA as well as the US Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) and others -- keep a constant watch on the sun to monitor for space weather effects such as geomagnetic storms. With advance notification many satellites, spacecraft and technologies can be protected from the worst effects.

###

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-04/nsfc-nss041113.php

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In Gun Debate, Michelle Obama Gambles With Popularity

First Lady Michelle Obama is putting her most valuable asset as first lady on the line: her sky-high popularity.

By entering the national debate over guns - calling for a vote on gun-control bills today, and tearing up as she talked about the death of a Chicago teen - the first lady is wading directly into a highly charged political issue for the first time in her husband's presidency.

"Right now my husband is fighting as hard as he can and engaging as many people as he can to pass common-sense reforms to protect our children from gun violence," she told a luncheon gathering in Chicago today, kicking off a new venture to curb youth violence. "And these reforms deserve a vote in Congress."

That call to political action may signal a new, more controversial phase of her tenure as first lady. It could also mark an inflection point in the way she's viewed by the public, depending on how this plays out.

Michelle Obama is consistently ranked among the most popular political figures in the country. An ABC News/Washington Post poll taken shortly before the November election found her viewed favorably by 69 percent of respondents, and unfavorably by just 26 percent - and that in the heat of a bitter presidential campaign.

She got to that level by being mostly apolitical. Few first ladies have been more visible, but her highest-profile projects have been in support of military families and against childhood obesity, hardly areas of great controversy.

Nothing in Michelle Obama's history or recent actions suggest she's about to embrace policy to the level that Hillary Rodham Clinton did as first lady. But today's speech was a strong hint that Mrs. Obama is viewing her role in a second term differently from the way she did in the first.

It may be that recent shootings have made an impact on her as a mother, much as the president has talked about being hit as a father by the tragedy in Sandy Hook. The first lady choked back tears talking about a 15-year-old killed in a shooting just a week after coming to Washington for President Obama's second inauguration.

"Hadiya Pendleton was me and I was her. But I got to grow up and go to Princeton and Harvard Law School and have a career and a family and the most blessed life I could ever imagine," she said.

"And Hadiya, well, we know that story," Mrs. Obama continued. "She went to a park with some friends and got shot in the back."

Also Read

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/gun-debate-michelle-obama-gambles-popularity-220226753--abc-news-politics.html

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Italy center-left tensions rise as Renzi cries foul

By James Mackenzie

ROME (Reuters) - Italy's center-left alliance showed new signs of division on Wednesday after the chief rival to Democratic Party leader Pier Luigi Bersani denounced the party hierarchy as efforts to form a government enter a critical phase.

The deadlock has left the euro zone's third-largest economy with only a caretaker government in charge as it slides further into a recession that many analysts expect will last until at least next year.

Matteo Renzi, the 38-year-old mayor of Florence who challenged Bersani unsuccessfully in a party primary last year, has voiced increasingly open dissent as the long stalemate since February's inconclusive election has dragged on.

He has so far not attacked Bersani by name but has called for an end to the impasse since the vote, saying the center-left must either drop objections to dealing with Silvio Berlusconi's center-right bloc or accept the need for new elections.

"Personally I'm one of those who hopes we vote as soon as possible because the elections did not produce a majority," he said. "Every day we wait is a day wasted for Italy."

In a sign of the mounting friction in the center-left, he accused unnamed Democratic Party officials of working to undermine him behind the scenes.

"I'm only sorry about the duplicity of people who talk in one way and act in another. I'd only say to these two-faced people: maybe I won't succeed in changing politics but politics won't change me," he wrote on his Facebook page.

Behind the backbiting is a potentially serious breach within the center-left, which has struggled to contain its divisions since Bersani failed to secure a viable majority in parliament despite a strong opinion poll lead before the vote.

STALEMATE

More than 40 days after the election on February 25, the divided political parties are still no closer to reaching an agreement which would allow a new government to be formed.

Boosted by opinion polls which suggest the Democratic Party (PD) could win 32.5 percent of the vote with him at its head compared with 28.2 percent under Bersani, Renzi has made clear his ambition to lead the center-left if new elections are held.

For his part, the 61-year-old Bersani has said that fresh elections would be a disaster, although he has ruled out a so-called "grand coalition" with Berlusconi.

The immediate cause of Renzi's anger was his failure to be chosen as one of the regional representatives taking part in the election of Italy's next president to succeed Giorgio Napolitano, whose term expires on May 15.

The selection of the president is the next big test facing the rival parties, which vote in a joint sitting of the two houses of parliament, along with representatives from the regions.

After a close vote by the PD group in the local government of his home region of Tuscany, Renzi was not selected as one of the region's three electors, prompting him to blame unidentified "telephone calls from Rome".

Bersani denied any involvement in an interview on Rai 1 television on Wednesday.

"I made absolutely no such phone call," Bersani said, adding that the selection of electors was the least of the PD's problems at the moment as he reaffirmed his determination to form a government.

The breach between the two will weigh on efforts to hold the party together as the deadlock left by the election continues.

Bersani met Berlusconi on Tuesday to try to find some ground for agreement ahead of the vote for president. The two sides said the encounter went well but there was no sign of any agreement on forming a government.

(Additional reporting by Catherine Hornby, Editing by Mark Heinrich)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/italy-centre-left-tensions-rise-renzi-cries-foul-175027867.html

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Obama budget DOA ? but may get second life

Copies of President Barack Obama's proposed federal budget plan for fiscal year 2014 are prepared for delivery??
President Barack Obama on Wednesday unveils his latest budget?a symbolic document that doesn?t directly decide government spending, won?t pass Congress, and isn?t likely to do much to create jobs. No budget does that by itself.

But the non-binding blueprint already has done something that the president himself has only rarely accomplished since taking office: It?s basically united Washington. In opposition.

Republican House Speaker John Boehner has repeatedly attacked the plan, based on carefully calculated disclosures from the White House about what the plan is expected to include. At the other end of the spectrum, Independent Sen. Bernie Sanders has promised to fight against Obama?s call for adopting a less generous cost-of-living formula for entitlements such as Social Security.

Other Democrats are perplexed by and annoyed at the White House strategy, which they view as a premature compromise.

Obama himself doesn?t even sound that rah-rah about the document.

"It?s not my ideal plan to further reduce the deficit, it?s a compromise I?m willing to accept," the president said in his weekly address on Saturday. "It includes ideas many Republicans have said they could accept as well. It?s a way we can make progress together."

Despite all of that, the document could still matter.

While budgets serve chiefly as political mission statements for presidents, and political punching bags for their opponents, they can still cast a long shadow over public debates. And there's no shortage of urgency for Washington to do something in the face of sluggish economic growth and unsettlingly weak job creation.

?The timeline between the submission of a president?s budget and someone saying the phrase ?dead on arrival? is the shortest measure of time in Washington,? Tony Fratto, a spokesman for George W. Bush?s Treasury Department and later his White House, joked to Yahoo News.

But Fratto still calls himself ?a big believer? in the process. Why?

?They are the aspirational game plans for each party. It?s the way they would like to see the world, lays out markers for the programs they consider priorities,? Fratto said.

And by offering to cut entitlement spending?a key driver of U.S. government deficits and the debt?in exchange for new tax increases that chiefly target the well-off, Obama aims to bridge the gap between Republicans and Democrats and restart so-called "grand bargain" talks aimed at finding $4 trillion in deficit reduction over the next 10 years. Obama aides, though, say that any big deal has to include new revenues, something that makes Republicans balk.

The White House says that, if reflected in spending legislation, Obama's new budget would cut $1.8 trillion over 10 years. Republicans say the real figure is $600 billion because the budget replaces existing so-called "sequestration" spending cuts of $1.2 trillion with an equivalent amount.

But both sides agree the budget does not balance over its 10-year horizon. The House-passed GOP budget does so thanks to mostly undetailed spending cuts to mostly unidentified programs.

The White House budget predicts that the deficit will run $744 billion in fiscal year 2014 (which starts Oct. 1). That's about 4.4 percent of gross domestic product. And senior administration officials, briefing reporters on condition of anonymity, said Tuesday that it would fall to 2.8 percent of GDP by 2016 and 1.7 percent by 2023. They did not give a dollar figure, which means those estimates could rely on rosy predictions of economic growth that are typical in any president's budget.

Budgets serve as guidelines, sometimes influential ones, but they don't become law. Actual spending levels for individual agencies are supposed to come in a two-step legislative process of authorizing programs and then appropriating funds for them, though this spring it?ll be in the form of a catch-all ?continuing resolution.?

All this is to say that, when you hear a politician compare a government budget to a family budget, that?s only true if your family disregards its budget.

One early test of whether the GOP?anyone in the GOP?is willing to consider Obama's offer will come Wednesday night, when he is scheduled to host 12 Republican senators for a fence-mending dinner where the budget will surely be discussed.

But Fratto warned there might not be an opportunity for a major budget breakthrough even if both sides want it, thanks to a deal reached during the so-called "fiscal cliff" negotiations in early January where Republicans agreed to raise taxes on higher earners.

A major budget agreement "may be too much to ask because I don?t know that the components of a grand bargain exists any more since the tax increase deal, tax cut deal, whatever you want to call it," Fratto said.

In that accord, Republicans agreed to extend Bush-era income tax cuts on income up to $400,000 for individuals and $450,000 for households. Since then, GOP leaders have publicly ruled out new tax hikes even as the White House has pushed for raising revenues, notably by closing loopholes and slicing into deductions for wealthier Americans.

"What we?re left with now is a situation where all of the components of a so-called grand bargain cause pain for somebody?except for inside-the-beltway deficit hawks," Fratto said. "It would be some combination of tax increases, entitlements cuts, discretionary spending cuts, so who are the winners?"

One possibility is that Obama views a "grand bargain" as a way to polish his legacy?he would be The Democratic President Who Reined In Entitlement Spending. He still has the "bully pulpit"?the ability to dominate the national political conversation.

Whether Democrats see it that way and are prepared to run the political risks to help the White House is an open question.

Party strategists say they got clubbed like baby seals in the 2010 mid-term elections in large part because of GOP ads accusing the president's party of wanting to cut Medicare. That line of attack was based on Democratic support for Obamacare, which reduced Medicare spending by $716 billion, mostly taken from insurance companies and hospitals rather than beneficiaries.

And the 2014 mid-terms aren't that far away.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/ticket/obama-budget-dead-arrival-may-second-life-095859326--politics.html

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~ Wind Lost ~: The Family Tree

Over the past 30 years, I've done an extensive genealogical search and have completed my family tree as far back as I can. ?I was inspired in this effort by my grandmother Dora, who died last year. She had an impeccable memory and loved to talk about family connections in the rural area where she spent her entire life.?

It was her conversations with my mother (who is also a wealth of local family knowledge!) that got me started, in my childhood, documenting their memories and then wondering about the people who came before.

The oldest branch I've tracked on my family tree goes to 1590 in England (an 11th great grandfather), while others extend back to Wales (1749), Scotland (1755) and Ireland (1700). ?

Source NA

Much of my family tree has been relatively easy to track since almost all the various branches of my ancestors eventually settled in the same (nearby) small towns in eastern Canada in the 1700's and 1800's. ?Thus several generations were raised in that same area and many recorded sometimes detailed family histories. ?So the area where I grew up was home to my ancestors for 100 to 200 (or more) years.

It was interesting to learn that the earliest contingent of my ancestors came from Britain in the 1600's and settled in Massachusetts (mainly Topsfield, Ipswich and Lynn). ?I have not researched their arrival (by boat from England), but they lived in this area for a few generations before coming to Canada in the mid 1700's. ?A few others arrived in Connecticut and came to Canada via New York and New Jersey.

Some notes from my myriad files

Several of my ancestors who arrived in the US fought in the American Revolution (on the American side). ?They later came to Canada, still part of the British Empire, as "Loyalists" (loyal to the British crown).

Notes from a local genealogist "back home" (Olive Long) who died last year. I got a ton of great information from her.

All my remaining ancestors arrived directly in eastern Canada in the mid 1700's and 1800's from the British isles - England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. ?There is a fascinating variety of stories and places of origin amongst these early settlers.

My grandmother Dora (left) with her mother Minnie Murphy and sister Georgia (who died as a child). ?My grandmother inspired my interest in my family tree. ?Minnie's ancestry was Irish - she died when my grandmother was only 18. ?My grandmother's father was Welsh - he died when my grandmother was almost 3. ?I think my beloved grandmother clung to family so much because her own parents died when she was so very young.

Naturally, like any good family historian, I've looked for juicy gossip in the family tree.

Sadly, I didn't really find much family dirt, but I did come across a few interesting tidbits:

• There's only one non-British person in my as-documented family tree. ?This is a fourth great-grandmother, from the Netherlands!?
• My fifth-great grandfather was Inuit (of Dorset descent). ?The Inuit are a distinct group of aboriginal Canadians. ?His wife settled briefly in Newfoundland after her arrival (with her parents) from England and they married. ?I thought it was very cool to learn I am 1/128th Inuit (yes, we have 128 great-great-great-great-great grandparents, which puts things into perspective).
• I discovered that 4 of my 8 great grandparents are related to each other, each descended from a common ancestor (Richard Price, 1734 Wales). ?My mother was mortified when she learned that she and my father are distantly related (which ?David says means I am a hillbilly - haha!). ?But of course this happened frequently in areas with old settlements where the nearest wife material was "the girl next door". ?P.S. Luckily none of my great grandparents are closer than 4th cousins and probably didn't know they were related!
• I have only one branch of the tree I cannot get beyond my great-great grandparents (all others I can get further back). ?I think it is quite funny as they were rumored to be "city people" (from a nearby city) who came to the rural area to live in recent memory (say 1900) and thus were not captured in records by the local genealogists.

*

The most important advice I have in compiling a family tree is to talk to your parents (!) and then talk to old people who knew your family growing up!!! ?I have talked to many fascinating old folks in the last few years and and drank many cups of tea in the process of compiling my family tree! ?

Online resources like www.ancestry.ca (Canada) and www.ancestry.com (US and International) are also invaluable. ?Both allow free 14-day trials...!

Source: http://windlost.blogspot.com/2013/04/the-family-tree.html

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Botched SimCity launch vaults EA to second consecutive award for ?Worst Company In America?

"I like small penises," said no women interviewed for an actually scientific study released Monday by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, or PNAS. Yes, PNAS is a funny sounding acronym, and, yes, PNAS has found that size does matter ? and that women prefer "showers" to "growers."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/botched-simcity-launch-vaults-ea-second-consecutive-award-194255890.html

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Afghan women in Kabul prison over 'moral' crimes

KABUL (AP) ? Lost and alone in a strange city Mariam called the only person she knew, her husband's cousin. She worried he wouldn't help her because she had left her home in Afghanistan's northern Kunduz province, fleeting to the capital Kabul to escape his relentless and increasingly vicious beatings. But he promised to help. Too busy to come himself he sent a friend who took her to "some house", held a gun to her head and raped her.

Finished with her he settled in front of a TV set, the gun on a table by his side. Choosing her moment, Mariam picked up the gun shot her assailant in the head and turned the gun on herself.

"Three days later I woke up in the hospital," she said, slowly, shyly removing a scarf from her head to reveal a partially shaved head and a long jagged scar that ran almost the length of her head where the bullet grazed her scalp.

From the hospital Mariam was sent to a police station and from there to Badam Bagh, Afghanistan's central women's prison where she told her story to The Associated Press. For the past three months Mariam has been waiting to find out why she is in jail, the charges and when she can leave.

"I haven't gone to court. I am just waiting."

Hugging a ratty brown sweater to protect her from the damp cold of the prison, Mariam is one of 202 women living in the six- year- old jail. The majority of the women packed are serving sentences of up to seven years for leaving their husbands, refusing to accept a marriage arranged by their parents, or choosing to leave their parent's home with a man of their choice __ all so-called "moral" crimes, says the prison's director general Zaref Jan Naebi.

Some of the women were jailed while pregnant, others with their small children. Naebi says there are 62 children living with their imprisoned mothers, sharing the same grey steel bunk-beds, napping in the afternoon hidden behind a sheet draped from an upper bunk, oblivious to the chatter and the crackling noises from the small fussy television sets shoved off to one side of the rooms.

The Taliban were thrown out 12 years ago ending five years of rule and regressive laws that enforced a tribal tradition and culture more than religious compulsions denying girls schools, ordering women to stay indoors unless accompanied by a male, and in some of the more severe cases even blackening the first story windows so prying eyes could not see women within. Women were forced to wear the all- encompassing burqa or suffer a public beating.

In the first years after the Taliban's December 2001 removal strides seemed to be made for women, schools opened, women came out of their house, many still in the burqas but appearing on television and getting elected to Parliament.

But women's activists in Kabul say within a few years of the Taliban's ouster the ball was dropped, interest waned and even President Hamid Karzai began making statements that harkened back to the Taliban rule saying women really should be accompanied by a man while outside their home. A new law was enacted called the Elimination of Violence Against Women (EVAW), but its implementation is erratic and rare, says the United Nations Assistance Mission on Afghanistan, whose human rights arm monitors such things.

An UNAMA report issued in December last year says it is difficult to even get information about violence against women from the authorities partially because they don't want to look bad if it showed that little was being done and little, if any, official documentation on violence against women exists.

While it might not be against the law to run away or escape a forced marriage, the courts routinely convict women fleeing abusive homes with "the intent to commit zina (or adultery)" which are most often simply referred to as "moral crimes," says the report.

"Perceptions toward women are still the same in most places, tribal laws are the only laws followed and in most places nothing has changed in the basics of women's lives. There are policies and papers and even laws but nothing has changed," said Zubaida Akbar whose volunteer Haider organization fights for women's rights and sends lawyers and aid workers to the women's prison to defend the inmates in court.

In the overwhelmingly male dominated legal system, Akbar said even when an inmate gets in front of the judge, "he says 'it is her husband, she should go back and make it work. It is her fault and not her place to leave him __ not in our society.'"

Afghanistan remains a deeply conservative society, where men dominate and tribal jirgas still hand out rulings that offer girls and women to settle debts and disputes.

Surrounded by a high fence topped with razor wire, there is one small patch of open space where children being kept with their mothers in Badam Bagh prison play. Nearby women hang out their laundry. The two story building is only six years old but already it is grimy and neglected looking. On balconies obscured by mesh and steel bars women sit and smoke.

Naebi said inmates attend a variety of classes during the week, ranging from basic literacy, to crafts and sewing, with the intention of giving the women a skill once they leave the prison.

Inside the stark building, six people often share a small room that is their cell. Three sets of bunk-beds line the walls. In some of the beds infants tucked under grimy blankets sleep while their mothers tell their story.

Nuria, dressed in maroon colored clothes from head to toe, quieted her infant boy as she told of going to court to demand a divorce from a husband she was forced by her parents to marry. Defiant even in prison, Nuria said "I wanted to get a divorce but he wouldn't let me go. I never wanted to marry him. I loved someone else but my father made me. He threatened to kill me if I didn't."

Nuria had pleaded with her father before her marriage, begging to marry another.

"When I went to court for the divorce, instead of giving me a divorce, they charged me with running away," she said. The man she wanted to marry was also charged and is now serving time in Afghanistan's notorious Pul-e-Charkhi prison, one of the country's largest prisons, overcrowded and with a reputation over the last several decades of maltreatment.

At the time she went to court Nuria didn't know she was pregnant. She gave birth to her son in jail. Although the baby is her husband, who has offered to have the courts set her free if she returns home, Nuria said she has refused.

"He wants me to come home now because I have his son but I said 'no. I will wait until my sentence is up,'" in eight months, she said.

Twenty seven year old Adia left her husband, a drug addict, seeking shelter with her parents. They wanted her to return to her husband, who followed her demanding she return.

"Instead I escaped with another man but it wasn't a romance. I was desperate to get away and he said he would help me but he didn't he just left me. I went to the court. I was angry. I wanted him charged and my husband charged but instead they charged me and sentenced me to six years. I went back to court to appeal the conviction and this time I was sentenced to seven and a half years."

Seven months pregnant, Adia will have her baby in jail. Fauzia isn't sure of her age. She looks to be early 60s. She stares out of the prison bars. Already seven years in jail, Fauzia will serve a 17 year sentence for killing her husband and her daughter in law. Expressionless she tells her story, rolls up her sleeve to display a mangled elbow where her husband had smashed her with a stick. She was his fourth wife.

"I was in one room. I came into the next room and they were there having sexual relations. I found a big knife and killed them both."

Zubeida, the women's activist, said despite what she calls a veneer of change, little is different for most Afghan women.

"We have the appearance of everything, but when you dig in deep down below the surface nothing fundamentally has changed. It has been tough. It has been really tough," she said.

______

Kathy Gannon is AP Special Regional Correspondent for Afghanistan and Pakistan and can be reached at www.twitter.com/kathygannon

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/afghan-women-kabul-prison-over-moral-crimes-131735797.html

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A Modular, Fully Customizable Wine Rack For Every Type of Drinker

Regardless of whether you're a sommelier-hopeful or just a dedicated lush, you're going to need a wine rack to match your distinct, personal tastes and—er, volume. This is exactly what makes the completely customizable and optionally mountable Nucleus wine rack from Thijs Goossink so fantastic. More »

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/v3NJuqDPvyA/a-modular-fully-customizable-wine-rack-for-every-type-of-drinker

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Crucial M500 SSD review round-up: 960GB at $600 is cheapest in class, available now

Crucial's budget-friendly yet high-capacity 2.5-inch M500 SSD has finally cropped up for sale today, as have the reviews of it from the usual enthusiast sites. While it's still not exactly low-cost, many applaud the fact that the company's $600 960GB drive is the cheapest near-1TB model you can get on the market. It uses Micron's 20nm MLC NAND flash, a SATA 6 Gb/s controller and is the first to implement the new 128Gb MLC NAND die. According to Benchmark Reviews, it certainly bests its m4 predecessor with peak speeds that reach 500 MB/s read and 400 MB/s write, with 80,000 IOPS in operational performance.

Both TweakTown and Anandtech concur that it's not quite as fast as its closest competitor, the Samsung 840 Pro, but as Anand Lai Shimpi said in his review: "If you need the capacity and plan on using all of it [960GB], the M500 is really the only game in town." TechnologyX, however, gives the nod to the 480GB model, if only because it's about $200 cheaper if you're willing to compromise on space. Crucial also offers the M500 in 120GB and 240GB for $130 and $220 for those with smaller wallets. If you're keen to see the full breakdown on this tiny wonder, head on over to the sources to judge for yourself, or just click on the Crucial link below to get your own.

Filed under: Storage

Comments

Source: Benchmark Reviews, Tweaktown, Anandtech, TechnologyX, Crucial

Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/pYysIPW5IYA/

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Hair Club, Bosley hair company settle FTC charges

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - Bosley Inc, which markets treatments for balding men, has settled charges that it gave sensitive business information about products and prices to a competitor with which it later decided to merge, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission said on Monday.

The FTC said Bosley's chief executive officer traded information with the Hair Club CEO about new products, price floors for surgical hair transplants and planned expansions.

Bosley's corporate parent, Japan's Aderans Co Ltd , said in July that it would buy Hair Club for Men and Women for $163.5 million.

The FTC said that the companies traded information with other, similar companies but did not name them.

Bosley, the largest company in the U.S. hair restoration segment, and the Hair Club had no immediate comment. Hair Club is owned by Regis Corporation , which also owns Supercuts and Sassoon Salon.

The settlement requires Bosley to no longer share sensitive information with competitors and to institute an antitrust compliance program.

(Reporting by Diane Bartz; Editing by Lisa Von Ahn)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/hair-club-bosley-hair-company-settle-ftc-charges-174820358--sector.html

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Hackers target Israeli government websites

IAN DEITCH , The Associated Press ? ? ? 7 hrs.

JERUSALEM -- A weekend cyberattack campaign targeting Israeli government websites failed to cause serious disruption, officials said Sunday. The attacks followed warnings in the name of the hacking group Anonymous that it was launching a massive attack.

Yitzhak Ben Yisrael, of the government's National Cyber Bureau, said hackers had mostly failed to shut down key sites.

"So far it is as was expected, there is hardly any real damage," Ben Yisrael said. "Anonymous doesn't have the skills to damage the country's vital infrastructure. And if that was its intention, then it wouldn't have announced the attack ahead of time. It wants to create noise in the media about issues that are close to its heart," he said.

Posters using the name of the hacking group Anonymous had warned they would launch a massive attack on Israeli sites in a strike they called (hash)OpIsrael starting April 7.

Israel's Bureau of Statistics was down on Sunday morning but it was unclear if it was hacked. Media said the sites of the Defense and Education Ministry as well as banks had come under attack the night before but they were mostly repelled.

Israeli sites reported brief cyberattacks on the stock market website and the Finance Ministry website Saturday night. But the two institutions denied the reports.

Israeli media said small businesses had been targeted, and some websites' homepages were replaced by anti-Israel slogans. In retaliation, Israeli activists hacked sites of radical Islamist groups and splashed them with pro-Israel messages, media said.

Shlomi Dolev, an expert on network security and cryptography at Ben Gurion University, said attacks of this kind will likely become more common. "It is a good test for our defense systems and we will know better how to deal with more serious threats in the future," he said.

Dolev said Anonymous had declared on its forums that the main assault would be in the evening. Hackers have had little success in their attempts to take over and change Israeli sites so far and are planning "denial of service" attacks where sites are overwhelmed and communications are hindered.

He said Israel is well prepared to deal with the attacks. "This is a real battle. It is good training for our experts," he said.

Hackers have tried before to topple Israeli sites.

In January last year, a hacker network that claimed to be based in Saudi Arabia paralyzed the websites of Israel's stock exchange and national airline and claimed to have published details of thousands of Israeli credit cards.

A concerted effort to cripple Israeli websites during November fighting in Gaza failed to cause serious disruption. Israel said at the time that protesters barraged Israel with more than 60 million hacking attempts.

An official of the militant Hamas movement that rules the Gaza Strip praised the current attack. "God bless the minds and the efforts of the soldiers of the electronic battle," Ihab Al- Ghussian, Gaza's chief government spokesman, wrote on his official Facebook page.

Related:

North Korea Twitter, Flickr accounts hacked by Anonymous

Anonymous claims it stole 15,000 user records from North Korea site

? 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.

Source: http://feeds.nbcnews.com/c/35002/f/653377/s/2a6be558/l/0L0Snbcnews0N0Ctechnology0Ctechnolog0Chackers0Etarget0Eisraeli0Egovernment0Ewebsites0E1B9250A498/story01.htm

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